Pentingnya Perilaku Pelaksana Regulasi untuk Pencapaian Indeks Inovasi Daerah yang Tinggi
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Kata Kunci:
Implementasi kebijakan, Indeks inovasi, Inovasi daerah, Kebijakan inovasi
Abstrak
Inovasi daerah merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat mendorong kemajuan suatu daerah. Pemerintah telah menetapkan beberapa kebijakan yang mengamanatkan inovasi daerah. Implementasi kebijakan inovasi daerah menjadi penentu kesuksesan atau kegagalan inovasi di daerah, sehingga dirasa penting untuk melakukan Studi Implementasi kebijakan Inovasi Daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja implementasi kebijakan, dan menggali faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja kebijakan inovasi daerah. Desain penelitian dipilih studi kualitatif yang dilakukan di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Teknis pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam pada 47 Informan kunci dan telaah dokumen. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif, induktif, dan analisis konten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja implemetasi kebijakan inovasi daerah Provinsi Sumatera Selatan tahun 2022 sangat baik dengan skor Indeks Inovasi daerah (79,47), provinsi terbaik secara Nasional. Kinerja Kebijakan tersebut dipengaruhi oleh perilaku pelaksana, sikap pelaksana, karakteristik organisasi, komunikasi antarorganisasi, kondisi sosial, ekonomi, dan politik, sumber daya, dan pemahaman terhadap standar dan sasaran kebijakan. Variabel perilaku pelaksana merupakan temuan khusus dalam penelitian ini yang memperkaya Teori Imlementasi Kebijakan Van Meter Van Horn. Disimpulkan bahwa diperlukan komitmen kepala daerah dan perilaku positif dari seluruh jajaran dalam mengimplementasikan kebijakan inovasi daerah untuk meningkatkan indeks inovasi daerah.
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Referensi
Al., Bugubayeva R. et. 2019. “Regional Innovation Systems as a Priority for Government Bodies: Functions and Mechanisms of Influence (Example of the Karaganda Region).” Public Policy and Administration 18 (4): 418–29. https://doi.org/10.13165/VPA-19-18-4-04.
Andhika, LR. 2019. “Pemodelan Kebijakan Publik : Tinjauan Dan Analisis Untuk Risalah Kebijakan Pemerintah ( Public Policy Modeling : Overview and Analysis for Government Policy Brief ).” Jurnal Riset Pembangunan 2: 22–35.
Anovita SD. et al. 2020. “Implementasi Kebijakan Pemerintah Kota Surabaya Dalam Mewujudkan Inovasi Smart City.” Journal of Governance Innovation 2 (2): 112–30. https://doi.org/10.36636/jogiv.v2i2.435.
Asheim B, et al. 2020. “The Role of the Regional Innovation System Approach in Contemporary Regional Policy: Is It Still Relevant in a Globalised World?” Regions and Innovation Policies in Europe: Learning from the Margins, 12–29. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781789904161.00006.
Chaplitskaya A., et al. 2021. “Innovation Policy and Sustainable Regional Development in Agriculture: A Case Study of the Stavropol Territory, Russia.” Sustainability (Switzerland) 13 (6): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063509.
Chen Xii, et al. 2017. “Chinese Innovation-Driving Factors: Regional Structure, Innovation Effect, and Economic Development—Empirical Research Based on Panel Data.” Annals of Regional Science 59 (1): 43–68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-017-0818-5.
Cilotek, D, and A Golejewska. 2022. “Efficiency Determinants of Regional Innovation Systems in Polish Subregions.” Gospodarka Narodowa 311 (3): 24–45. https://doi.org/10.33119/gn/151792.
Damuri YR, et al. 2018. “Innovation Policy in Indonesia.” Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)., 96–127.
Deni, P. 2020. “Implementasi Kebijakan Program Gerakan Masyarakat Mandiri, Berdaya Saing Dan Inovatif Di Kecamatan Cihideung Kota Tasikmalaya” 1 (2): 11–17.
Guo C, et al. 2022. “A Coupling Mechanism and the Measurement of Science and Technology Innovation and Rural Revitalization Systems.” Sustainability (Switzerland) 14 (16). https://doi.org/10.3390/su141610343.
Ismail, H. 2022. “Studi Implementasi Kebijakan Pemberdayaan Umkm Di Kabupaten Bojonegoro.” Jurnal Mediasosian : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Administrasi Negara 6 (1): 143. https://doi.org/10.30737/mediasosian.v6i1.2396.
Kemendagri, RI. 2018. “Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia Nomor 104 Tahun 2018 Tentang Penilaian Dan Pemberian Penghargaan Dan/Atau Insentif Inovasi Daerah.” https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/245192/permendagri-no-104-tahun-2018.
Kemendagri RI. 2022. “Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri No. 400.10.11-6301.A Tahun 2022 Tentang Indeks Inovasi Daerah, Kabupaten Dan Kota Tahun 2020.” ndeks.inovasi.litbang.kemendagri.go.id.
Moodysson, J., and E. Zukauskaite. 2014. “Institutional Conditions and Innovation Systems: On the Impact of Regional Policy on Firms in Different Sectors.” Regional Studies 48 (1): 127–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2011.649004.
Morisson, A., and M. Doussineau. 2019. “Regional Innovation Governance and Place-Based Policies: Design, Implementation and Implications.” Regional Studies, Regional Science 6 (1): 101–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681376.2019.1578257.
Nosova, O., and T. Nosova. 2021. “The Innovation Component in Regional Policy.” Eurasian Journal of Higer Education 2 (5): 19–35.
Okuputra, MA., and N. Nasikh. 2022. “Pengaruh Inovasi Daerah Terhadap Kemiskinan.” INOVASI: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan Dan Manajemen 18 (1): 159–66. https://doi.org/10.30872/jinv.v18i1.10379.
Pasciaroni, C. 2016. “Knowledge Organisations and High-Tech Regional Innovation Systems in Developing Countries: Evidence from Argentina.” Journal of Technology Management and Innovation 11 (2): 22–32. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242016000200003.
Pestunov, M., and S. Pestunova. 2021. “Innovation Policy as a Basis for Sustainable Development of Industrial Regions.” E3S Web of Conference 818 (1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/818/1/012027.
Prasetyo AW, et al. 2023. “Pandemic and Social Capital: Synthesis Model for ``Jogo Tonggo’’ Policy Implementation in International Conference on Politics, Social, and Humanities Sciences, KnE Social Sciences.” KnE Social Sciences 2023 (1): 417–30. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v8i3.12845.
Presdien, RI. 2017. “Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 38 Tahun 2017 Tentang Inovasi Daerah,” 1–37. http://setkab.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/PP_Nomor_38_Tahun_2017.pdf.
Presiden, RI. 2014. “Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 23 Tahun 2014.” Pemerintahan Daerah. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/38685/uu-no-23-tahun-2014.
———. 2019. “Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 Tahun 2019 Tentang Sistem Nasional Ilmu Pengetahuan Dan Teknologi.” Negara Republik Indonesia, 1–83. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/117023/uu-no-11-tahun-2019.
Rozikin M, et al. 2020. “Kolaborasi Dan E-Literacy: Kunci Keberhasilan Inovasi E-Government Pemerintah Daerah.” Jurnal Borneo Administrator 16 (1): 61–80. https://doi.org/10.24258/jba.v16i1.603.
Sahli, M., and RWD. Tuti. 2021. “Implementasi Kebijakan Pariwisata Halal Menuju Ekosistem Wisata Ramah Muslim.” Jurnal Kebijakan Publik 12 (2): 55–112. https://jkp.ejournal.unri.ac.id/index.php/JKP/article/view/7934.
Setiawan, I. 2017. “Implementasi Inovasi Daerah Di Kota Balikpapan” II (2): 83–97.
Sugiyono 2017, "Metode Penelitian Kebijakan: Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, Kombinasi, R&D Dan Penelitian Evaluasi", https://opac.isi.ac.id/index.php?p=show_detail&id=42880#gsc.tab=0.
Swann, WL. 2019. “Local Sustainability Innovation through Cross-Sector Collaboration: Lessons from a Neighborhood Energy Competition.” Journal of Public and Nonprofit Affairs 5 (3): 317–37. https://doi.org/10.20899/jpna.5.3.317-337.
Tachjan. 2006. "Implementasi Kebijakan Publik". Edited by Dede Mariana and Caroline Paskarina. Asosiasi Ilmu Politik Indonesia (AIPI) Bandung dan Puslit KP2W Lembaga Penelitian Unpad.
Tziogkidis P, et al. 2020. “A Data Envelopment Analysis and Local Partial Least Squares Approach for Identifying the Optimal Innovation Policy Direction.” European Journal of Operational Research 285 (3): 1011–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2020.02.023.
Wahono T., et al. 2021. “Studi Kualitatif Implementasi Kebijakan Eliminasi Malaria Di Wilayah Endemis Rendah Kabupaten Pangandaran Dan Pandeglang.” Kemenkes, 55–68. https://ejournal2.litbang.kemkes.go.id/index.php/aspirator.
Warman. 2022. “Policy Implementation, Financial Management, Bureaucratic Innovation, and Community Participation on Regional Development Planning’s Effectiveness.” Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science 2 (2): 1898–1909. https://doi.org/10.55324/ijoms.v2i2.278.
Widuri, NR. 2020. “Studi Implementasi Kebijakan Work From Home Pada Pustakawan Di LIPI.” Media Pustakawan 27 (3): 168–77. https://doi.org/10.37014/medpus.v27i3.1017.
Zemtsov, S, and M Kotsemir. 2019. “An Assessment of Regional Innovation System Efficiency in Russia: The Application of the DEA Approach.” Scientometrics 120 (2): 375–404. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-019-03130-y.
Andhika, LR. 2019. “Pemodelan Kebijakan Publik : Tinjauan Dan Analisis Untuk Risalah Kebijakan Pemerintah ( Public Policy Modeling : Overview and Analysis for Government Policy Brief ).” Jurnal Riset Pembangunan 2: 22–35.
Anovita SD. et al. 2020. “Implementasi Kebijakan Pemerintah Kota Surabaya Dalam Mewujudkan Inovasi Smart City.” Journal of Governance Innovation 2 (2): 112–30. https://doi.org/10.36636/jogiv.v2i2.435.
Asheim B, et al. 2020. “The Role of the Regional Innovation System Approach in Contemporary Regional Policy: Is It Still Relevant in a Globalised World?” Regions and Innovation Policies in Europe: Learning from the Margins, 12–29. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781789904161.00006.
Chaplitskaya A., et al. 2021. “Innovation Policy and Sustainable Regional Development in Agriculture: A Case Study of the Stavropol Territory, Russia.” Sustainability (Switzerland) 13 (6): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063509.
Chen Xii, et al. 2017. “Chinese Innovation-Driving Factors: Regional Structure, Innovation Effect, and Economic Development—Empirical Research Based on Panel Data.” Annals of Regional Science 59 (1): 43–68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-017-0818-5.
Cilotek, D, and A Golejewska. 2022. “Efficiency Determinants of Regional Innovation Systems in Polish Subregions.” Gospodarka Narodowa 311 (3): 24–45. https://doi.org/10.33119/gn/151792.
Damuri YR, et al. 2018. “Innovation Policy in Indonesia.” Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)., 96–127.
Deni, P. 2020. “Implementasi Kebijakan Program Gerakan Masyarakat Mandiri, Berdaya Saing Dan Inovatif Di Kecamatan Cihideung Kota Tasikmalaya” 1 (2): 11–17.
Guo C, et al. 2022. “A Coupling Mechanism and the Measurement of Science and Technology Innovation and Rural Revitalization Systems.” Sustainability (Switzerland) 14 (16). https://doi.org/10.3390/su141610343.
Ismail, H. 2022. “Studi Implementasi Kebijakan Pemberdayaan Umkm Di Kabupaten Bojonegoro.” Jurnal Mediasosian : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Administrasi Negara 6 (1): 143. https://doi.org/10.30737/mediasosian.v6i1.2396.
Kemendagri, RI. 2018. “Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia Nomor 104 Tahun 2018 Tentang Penilaian Dan Pemberian Penghargaan Dan/Atau Insentif Inovasi Daerah.” https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/245192/permendagri-no-104-tahun-2018.
Kemendagri RI. 2022. “Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri No. 400.10.11-6301.A Tahun 2022 Tentang Indeks Inovasi Daerah, Kabupaten Dan Kota Tahun 2020.” ndeks.inovasi.litbang.kemendagri.go.id.
Moodysson, J., and E. Zukauskaite. 2014. “Institutional Conditions and Innovation Systems: On the Impact of Regional Policy on Firms in Different Sectors.” Regional Studies 48 (1): 127–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2011.649004.
Morisson, A., and M. Doussineau. 2019. “Regional Innovation Governance and Place-Based Policies: Design, Implementation and Implications.” Regional Studies, Regional Science 6 (1): 101–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681376.2019.1578257.
Nosova, O., and T. Nosova. 2021. “The Innovation Component in Regional Policy.” Eurasian Journal of Higer Education 2 (5): 19–35.
Okuputra, MA., and N. Nasikh. 2022. “Pengaruh Inovasi Daerah Terhadap Kemiskinan.” INOVASI: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan Dan Manajemen 18 (1): 159–66. https://doi.org/10.30872/jinv.v18i1.10379.
Pasciaroni, C. 2016. “Knowledge Organisations and High-Tech Regional Innovation Systems in Developing Countries: Evidence from Argentina.” Journal of Technology Management and Innovation 11 (2): 22–32. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242016000200003.
Pestunov, M., and S. Pestunova. 2021. “Innovation Policy as a Basis for Sustainable Development of Industrial Regions.” E3S Web of Conference 818 (1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/818/1/012027.
Prasetyo AW, et al. 2023. “Pandemic and Social Capital: Synthesis Model for ``Jogo Tonggo’’ Policy Implementation in International Conference on Politics, Social, and Humanities Sciences, KnE Social Sciences.” KnE Social Sciences 2023 (1): 417–30. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v8i3.12845.
Presdien, RI. 2017. “Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 38 Tahun 2017 Tentang Inovasi Daerah,” 1–37. http://setkab.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/PP_Nomor_38_Tahun_2017.pdf.
Presiden, RI. 2014. “Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 23 Tahun 2014.” Pemerintahan Daerah. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/38685/uu-no-23-tahun-2014.
———. 2019. “Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 Tahun 2019 Tentang Sistem Nasional Ilmu Pengetahuan Dan Teknologi.” Negara Republik Indonesia, 1–83. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/117023/uu-no-11-tahun-2019.
Rozikin M, et al. 2020. “Kolaborasi Dan E-Literacy: Kunci Keberhasilan Inovasi E-Government Pemerintah Daerah.” Jurnal Borneo Administrator 16 (1): 61–80. https://doi.org/10.24258/jba.v16i1.603.
Sahli, M., and RWD. Tuti. 2021. “Implementasi Kebijakan Pariwisata Halal Menuju Ekosistem Wisata Ramah Muslim.” Jurnal Kebijakan Publik 12 (2): 55–112. https://jkp.ejournal.unri.ac.id/index.php/JKP/article/view/7934.
Setiawan, I. 2017. “Implementasi Inovasi Daerah Di Kota Balikpapan” II (2): 83–97.
Sugiyono 2017, "Metode Penelitian Kebijakan: Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, Kombinasi, R&D Dan Penelitian Evaluasi", https://opac.isi.ac.id/index.php?p=show_detail&id=42880#gsc.tab=0.
Swann, WL. 2019. “Local Sustainability Innovation through Cross-Sector Collaboration: Lessons from a Neighborhood Energy Competition.” Journal of Public and Nonprofit Affairs 5 (3): 317–37. https://doi.org/10.20899/jpna.5.3.317-337.
Tachjan. 2006. "Implementasi Kebijakan Publik". Edited by Dede Mariana and Caroline Paskarina. Asosiasi Ilmu Politik Indonesia (AIPI) Bandung dan Puslit KP2W Lembaga Penelitian Unpad.
Tziogkidis P, et al. 2020. “A Data Envelopment Analysis and Local Partial Least Squares Approach for Identifying the Optimal Innovation Policy Direction.” European Journal of Operational Research 285 (3): 1011–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2020.02.023.
Wahono T., et al. 2021. “Studi Kualitatif Implementasi Kebijakan Eliminasi Malaria Di Wilayah Endemis Rendah Kabupaten Pangandaran Dan Pandeglang.” Kemenkes, 55–68. https://ejournal2.litbang.kemkes.go.id/index.php/aspirator.
Warman. 2022. “Policy Implementation, Financial Management, Bureaucratic Innovation, and Community Participation on Regional Development Planning’s Effectiveness.” Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science 2 (2): 1898–1909. https://doi.org/10.55324/ijoms.v2i2.278.
Widuri, NR. 2020. “Studi Implementasi Kebijakan Work From Home Pada Pustakawan Di LIPI.” Media Pustakawan 27 (3): 168–77. https://doi.org/10.37014/medpus.v27i3.1017.
Zemtsov, S, and M Kotsemir. 2019. “An Assessment of Regional Innovation System Efficiency in Russia: The Application of the DEA Approach.” Scientometrics 120 (2): 375–404. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-019-03130-y.
Diterbitkan
2023-06-27
Bagaimana Mensitasi
Deru, H. H., Sobri, K. M., Alfitri, A., & Leonardo, A. (2023). Pentingnya Perilaku Pelaksana Regulasi untuk Pencapaian Indeks Inovasi Daerah yang Tinggi. Publikasi Penelitian Terapan Dan Kebijakan, 6(1), 01-15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.46774/pptk.v6i1.533
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